| Background of the target antigen: |
Aggregates remain immunogenic, Each domain of a KLH subunit contains two copper atoms that together bind a single oxygen molecule (O2), Haptens are substances with a low molecular weight such as peptides, In addition, It is available only as a purified biological product from the Keyhole Limpet Megathura crenulata, Its large size and numerous epitopes generate a substantial immune response, KLH is an effective carrier protein for several reasons, The KLH protein is potently immunogenic yet safe in humans and is therefore highly prized as a vaccine carrier protein, The large and highly glycosylated KLH protein cannot be reproduced synthetically, When oxygen is bound to hemocyanin, a gastropod, allows a high hapten:carrier protein ratio increasing the likelihood of generating hapten-specific , and abundance of lysine residues for coupling haptens, because KLH is derived from the limpet, biotechnology and therapeutic applications, but limit the ability to conjugate haptens and are difficult to manipulate in the laboratory, heterogeneous glycosylated protein consisting of subunits with a molecular weight of 350, it is phylogenetically distant from mammalian proteins, opalescent blue color, small proteins and drug molecules that are generally not immunogenic and require the aid of a carrier protein to stimulate a response from the immune system in the form of antibody production, the molecule takes on a distinctive transparent, thus reducing false positives in immunologically based research techniques in mammalian model organisms, 000, 000, 000 and 390, 000 in aggregates with molecular weights of 4, 000-13, 500, KLH may also be a challenging molecule to work with because of its propensity to aggregate and precipitate, Keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) is used extensively as a carrier protein in the production of for research, Keyhole limpet hemocyanin is an extremely large, [2] KLH is the most widely employed carrier proteins for this purpose |